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雅思听力考试中,听力音频中往往不会直接出现题目中的原词,而是使用了一些同义词替换。
一、词性替换
如剑7 Test1 Section1中的Question2
题干:-direct to the 2 .............
录音原文:
It goes directly from the airport here to the City
Centre and it's pretty fast.
解析:题干中的direct为形容词,而在录音原文中被替换成了directly,为副词,意分别为直接的,直接地。
二、同义/近义词替换
如剑6 Test2 Section2中的Question14
题干:14. The price of a first class ticket includes…………………
录音原文:
You've got a choice of first and second class and there's a buffet car - though refreshments are included in the cost of a first class ticket.
解析:题干中的price替换成了cost,price与cost都为名词,都有花费、价格的意思。
三、同义/近义词组替换
如剑5 Test2 Section4中的Question32
题干:•most of the area is classified as 32.............
录音原文:The ice-cap contains almostlow70% of the world's fresh water and 90% of its ice, but with very low snowfall, most of the continent technically falls unbelievably into the category of 'desert'!
解析:题干中的短语be classified as意为被分类为,而录音原文中将此短语同义替换为了fall into the category of同样意为被分类为。
四、肯定否定同义替换
如剑8 Test1 Section3中的Question22
题干:22. The proposal would be easier to follow if Sandra
A. inserted subheadings.
B. used more paragraphs.
C. shortened her sentences.
录音原文:
...it's quite had to follow your train of thought at times. So cut them down a bit, can you?
解析:题干中所提及would be easier to follow所指Sandra的计划书将会更容易让人跟上节奏如果她有所调整,而录音原文中将题干使用了可定否定式的替换,意为Sandra的计划书很难让人跟上节奏。
五、主动被动同义替换
如剑4 Test1 Section2中的Question12
题干:12 The metal industry was established at Riverside Village by …………………. who lived in this area.
录音原文:
At that time, local craftsmen first built an iron forge just behind the village here, on the bend in the river.
解析:题干中的was established为被动态,而录音原文中替换为主动态built。此处替换不仅出现了主被动同义替换,而且还出现了同义词替换,establish与build意思均为建造、成立。主被动同义替换中,考生要注意主语宾语的位置替换。
六、逻辑同义替换
如剑6 Test1 Section3中的配对题Question23-27
题干:Anderson and Hawker: A. must read
录音原文:
The article by Anderson and Hawker is really worth reading.
解析:题干中所选项为must read意为必须读,而在录音原文所描述的是worth reading意为值得读。虽然题干中并未直接指出这本参考资料是必读的,但worth reading便是must read的隐含意思。因此,根据推断可得出结论这是逻辑同义替换。逻辑同义替换是六种同义替换里最难的一种,因为这类考点需要考具备良好的理解能力及分析能力。
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